Grammar
I.
Read the following sentences from the story.
We found we
had little to carry. Some thief had removed most of my things.
In the above
two sentences, the first one is in the simple past (found, had) and the second
is in the past perfect tense (had removed).
As you can see, the action which occurred earlier,
is expressed in the past perfect tense, whereas the action which occurred
later, is expressed in the simple past tense.
Here are a few
more examples.
1. Sujatha had arrived at the
station before the train came.
2. The doctor arrived after the
patient had died.
3: I bought the ticket as soon as
I boarded the bus.
When two
actions occur nearly simultaneously in the past, both are expressed in the
simple past tense (exceptional case)
Now combine
the following pair of sentences using the past perfect and the simple past.
(use after,
before or when as linkers)
The first one
has been done for you.
1. I brushed my teeth. I took my breakfast.
A. After I had brushed my teeth, I took my
breakfast.
(or)
I had brushed my teeth before I took my breakfast.
2. She
started to go to market. It rained heavily.
A.
______________________________________________________
3. He
completed his homework. He went to bed.
A.
______________________________________________________
4. I
finished my dinner. Then my father came.
A.
______________________________________________________
5. I fell
seriously ill. I met my family doctor.
A.
______________________________________________________
6. I locked
the door. I went out to meet my friend at a restaurant.
A. ______________________________________________________
II. Phrasal Verbs
Look at the following phrasal verbs and their
meanings.
1. take out - to remove something from inside
2. set up - to arrange for something; to
happen / to start
3. take off - to remove
4. lie down - to take rest
5. take time off
- to take some time for something
6. look into - to observe oneself keenly
7. look at - to have a look at something
8. get up - to wake up
9. change into - to turn into
10. leave behind
- to leave something as a token of memory or gift
As you can
see, a phrasal verb is a unit of a verb and one or more particles / a preposition. It
cannot be understood
on the basis
of the meanings of the
individual parts in isolation, but rather it must be taken as a whole.
Use the above
phrasal verbs in the blanks. Make necessary changes in the verb forms.
Venkata
Rao was a rich man. He wanted to _____________________ some business in the
town. So he _____________________ a lot of money from the bank. On an auspicious
day he started his medical business, which increased by leaps and bounds. He
became so busy that he could not _______________________ for any rest. He used
to _____________________ very early in the morning and go to his office. In the
afternoon he would __________________________ his shirt and _______________ on
his couch in the office. After a nap he would put on his shirt. Then he would
____________ the mirror and _________________ himself admiringly. Anyhow he
________________________ some fame in the town even when he went abroad.
Everybody believed that he _________________________ a new man.
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